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Classification of Fires
Most fires that occur will fall into one or more of the following categories:
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- Class A: Fires involving ordinary combustible materials,
such as paper, wood, and textile fibers, where a cooling, blanketing,
or wetting extinguishing agent is needed.
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- Class B: Fires involving flammable liquids such as gasoline,
thinners, oil-based paints and greases. Extinguishers for this
type of fire include carbon dioxide, dry chemical*
and halogenated agent types.
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- Class C: Fires involving energized electrical equipment,
where a nonconducting gaseous clean agent or smothering agent
is needed. The most common type of extinguisher for this class
is a carbon dioxide exinguisher.
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- Class D: Fires involving combustible metals such as magnesium,
sodium, potassium, titanium, and aluminum. Special dry powder*
extinguishing agents are required for this class of fire, and
must be tailored to the specific hazardous metal.
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- Class K: Fires involving commercial cooking appliances
with vegetable oils, animal oils, or fats at high temperatures.
A wet potassium acetate, low pH-based agent is used for this class
of fire.
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*Please take care not to
confuse dry chemical extinguishers with dry powder extinguishers. Dry powder
extinguishant will cake and form an exterior crust when heated by the fire.
The crust formed will exclude air from the chemical reaction, resulting
in extinguishment of the fire, and dissipating heat. A regular dry chemical
extinguisher will simply blanket the burning material, interrupting the
chemical reaction at the fuel's surface.
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